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Structure of the amino acids
Amino acids are organic molecules that - hence the name - have at least one carboxy and one amino group. The simplest amino acid is carbamic acid, but it is not stable:
The α-amino acids are of particular biochemical interest. All proteinogenic amino acids belong to this type.
With the exception of glycine, the α-amino acids are chiral, i.e. they have (at least) one asymmetric carbon atom. So there is a D- and L-form (enantiomers). Only the L-amino acids are proteinogenic.
